Division as an Unknown Factor Worksheets for 3rd Grade

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Grade 3MathMultiplication & DivisionCCSS 3.OA.B.6CCSS 3.OA.C.7

Skill: Solving division facts by finding the missing factor in a related multiplication fact

Preview of the Division as an Unknown Factor printable worksheet
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Teaching tips and what to try next

Good for third graders who know most multiplication facts to 10 × 10 and have started division. Fact triangles, with the product at the top and the two factors at the bottom, make each row easy to check by covering one corner. When this feels smooth, practice the quotients alone in Division Facts 1-10 or see 3.OA.B.6.

10 versions, each with its own answer key

Same skill and layout, a fresh set of problems in every version, so children can keep practicing without repeating a page. Problems are not repeated between versions unless a skill has only a small number of possible problems (for example, the addition facts within 10).

Download all 10 versions (one PDF)All 10 answer keys (PDF)

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About this worksheet

The best way to learn division facts is to lean on multiplication. To solve 42 ÷ 6, a child can ask, "6 times what makes 42?" Third graders are expected to understand division as an unknown-factor problem, and this third-grade worksheet makes that link concrete on every single row.

The page has twelve rows. Each row has two parts that go together: a multiplication fact with a missing factor, such as 6 × ___ = 42, and then the matching division fact, so 42 ÷ 6 = ___. The same number fills both blanks, which helps children see that the two facts are really one idea. The divisors go from 2 to 10 and the answers from 1 to 10, so every fact is in the times tables children are learning. Each of the ten versions has new facts and its own answer key, and across the ten versions every one of the 90 facts appears before any repeats.

How to use it: have your child read each row aloud as a sentence: "6 times what is 42? So 42 divided by 6 is 7." Saying it out loud builds the habit of thinking multiplication when they see a division sign. If a multiplication fact is shaky, let your child skip count by the first number until they reach the product. Later, cover the multiplication half of a row and see if your child can solve the division fact alone.

The answer key gives the missing number for every row. For more practice, try our Missing Factors: Find the Unknown Number worksheet. For quick facts, try our Division Facts 2-5 worksheet.